apt-offline 1.8.2

I am pleased to announce the release of apt-offline version 1.8.2

This release has many bug fixes along with a long standing issue of signature validation

2017 - The year of realization and change

Back in 2017, the bug was reported that apt-offline did not validate apt meta Packages files. apt-offline was only doing a signature validation for the Release files but did no validation of the apt meta Packages files, which had their checksums listed in the Release files. This validation was completely missing in apt-offline and gave the user the wrong impression that validation was in place.

Laptop Mode Tools 1.73

I am pleased to announce the release of Laptop Mode Tools version 1.73

This release includes many bug fixes. For user convenience, 2 command options have been added.

rrs@priyasi:~$ laptop_mode -h
****************************
Following user commands are understood
status      :   Display a Laptop Mode Tools power savings status
power-stats  :  Display the power statistics on the machine
power-events :  Trap power related events on the machine
help        :   Display this help message (--help, -h)
version     :   Display program version (--version, -v)
****************************
15:22 ♒ ॐ  ☺ 😄    


rrs@priyasi:~$ sudo laptop_mode status
[sudo] password for rrs: 
Mounts:
   /dev/mapper/nvme0n1p4_crypt on / type btrfs (rw,noatime,compress=zstd:3,ssd,space_cache,autodefrag,subvolid=5,subvol=/)
   /dev/nvme0n1p3 on /boot type ext4 (rw,relatime)
   /dev/nvme0n1p1 on /boot/efi type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0077,dmask=0077,codepage=437,iocharset=ascii,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
   /dev/fuse on /run/user/1000/doc type fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
 
Drive power status:
   Cannot read /dev/[hs]d[abcdefgh], permission denied - /usr/sbin/laptop_mode needs to be run as root
 
(NOTE: drive settings affected by Laptop Mode cannot be retrieved.)
 
Readahead states:
   /dev/mapper/nvme0n1p4_crypt: 128 kB
   /dev/nvme0n1p3: 128 kB
   /dev/nvme0n1p1: 128 kB
 
Laptop Mode Tools is allowed to run: /var/run/laptop-mode-tools/enabled exists.
 
/proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode:
   0
 
/proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio:
   40
 
/proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfssyncd_centisecs:
   3000
 
/proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio:
   10
 
/proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs:
   3000
 
/proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs:
   500
 
......SNIPPED......

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_cur_freq:
   400000
 
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpufreq/cpuinfo_max_freq:
   2001000
 
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor:
   schedutil
 
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpufreq/scaling_governor:
   schedutil
 
/proc/acpi/button/lid/LID0/state:
   state:      open
 
/sys/class/power_supply/AC/online:
   1
 
/sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/status:
   Charging
 
15:22 ♒ ॐ  ☺ 😄    



rrs@priyasi:~$ laptop_mode power-stats
Power Supply details for /sys/class/power_supply/AC

P: /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/ACPI0003:00/power_supply/AC
L: 0
E: DEVPATH=/devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/ACPI0003:00/power_supply/AC
E: POWER_SUPPLY_NAME=AC
E: POWER_SUPPLY_ONLINE=1
E: SUBSYSTEM=power_supply

Power Supply details for /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0

P: /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0A:00/power_supply/BAT0
L: 0
E: DEVPATH=/devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0A:00/power_supply/BAT0
E: POWER_SUPPLY_NAME=BAT0
E: POWER_SUPPLY_STATUS=Charging
E: POWER_SUPPLY_PRESENT=1
E: POWER_SUPPLY_TECHNOLOGY=Li-poly
E: POWER_SUPPLY_CYCLE_COUNT=0
E: POWER_SUPPLY_VOLTAGE_MIN_DESIGN=7600000
E: POWER_SUPPLY_VOLTAGE_NOW=8760000
E: POWER_SUPPLY_CURRENT_NOW=545000
E: POWER_SUPPLY_CHARGE_FULL_DESIGN=6842000
E: POWER_SUPPLY_CHARGE_FULL=6592000
E: POWER_SUPPLY_CHARGE_NOW=6526000
E: POWER_SUPPLY_CAPACITY=98
E: POWER_SUPPLY_CAPACITY_LEVEL=Normal
E: POWER_SUPPLY_MODEL_NAME=DELL G8VCF6C
E: POWER_SUPPLY_MANUFACTURER=SMP
E: POWER_SUPPLY_SERIAL_NUMBER=1549
E: SUBSYSTEM=power_supply

15:23 ♒ ॐ  ☺ 😄    



rrs@priyasi:~$ laptop_mode power-events
Running Laptop Mode Tools in event tracing mode. Press ^C to interrupt
monitor will print the received events for:
UDEV - the event which udev sends out after rule processing
KERNEL - the kernel uevent

KERNEL[140321.536870] change   /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/ACPI0003:00/power_supply/AC (power_supply)
ACTION=change
DEVPATH=/devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/ACPI0003:00/power_supply/AC
SUBSYSTEM=power_supply
POWER_SUPPLY_NAME=AC
POWER_SUPPLY_ONLINE=0
SEQNUM=5908

KERNEL[140321.569526] change   /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0A:00/power_supply/BAT0 (power_supply)
ACTION=change
DEVPATH=/devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0A:00/power_supply/BAT0
SUBSYSTEM=power_supply
POWER_SUPPLY_NAME=BAT0
POWER_SUPPLY_STATUS=Discharging
POWER_SUPPLY_PRESENT=1
POWER_SUPPLY_TECHNOLOGY=Li-poly
POWER_SUPPLY_CYCLE_COUNT=0
POWER_SUPPLY_VOLTAGE_MIN_DESIGN=7600000
POWER_SUPPLY_VOLTAGE_NOW=8761000
POWER_SUPPLY_CHARGE_FULL_DESIGN=6842000
POWER_SUPPLY_CHARGE_FULL=6592000
POWER_SUPPLY_CHARGE_NOW=6526000
POWER_SUPPLY_CAPACITY=98
POWER_SUPPLY_CAPACITY_LEVEL=Normal
POWER_SUPPLY_MODEL_NAME=DELL G8VCF6C
POWER_SUPPLY_MANUFACTURER=SMP
POWER_SUPPLY_SERIAL_NUMBER=1549
SEQNUM=5909

UDEV  [140321.577770] change   /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/ACPI0003:00/power_supply/AC (power_supply)
ACTION=change
DEVPATH=/devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/ACPI0003:00/power_supply/AC
SUBSYSTEM=power_supply
POWER_SUPPLY_NAME=AC
POWER_SUPPLY_ONLINE=0
SEQNUM=5908
USEC_INITIALIZED=140321550931

UDEV  [140321.582123] change   /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0A:00/power_supply/BAT0 (power_supply)
ACTION=change
DEVPATH=/devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0A:00/power_supply/BAT0
SUBSYSTEM=power_supply
POWER_SUPPLY_NAME=BAT0
POWER_SUPPLY_STATUS=Discharging
POWER_SUPPLY_PRESENT=1
POWER_SUPPLY_TECHNOLOGY=Li-poly
POWER_SUPPLY_CYCLE_COUNT=0
POWER_SUPPLY_VOLTAGE_MIN_DESIGN=7600000
POWER_SUPPLY_VOLTAGE_NOW=8761000
POWER_SUPPLY_CHARGE_FULL_DESIGN=6842000
POWER_SUPPLY_CHARGE_FULL=6592000
POWER_SUPPLY_CHARGE_NOW=6526000
POWER_SUPPLY_CAPACITY=98
POWER_SUPPLY_CAPACITY_LEVEL=Normal
POWER_SUPPLY_MODEL_NAME=DELL G8VCF6C
POWER_SUPPLY_MANUFACTURER=SMP
POWER_SUPPLY_SERIAL_NUMBER=1549
SEQNUM=5909
USEC_INITIALIZED=140321580812

KERNEL[140324.857185] change   /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/ACPI0003:00/power_supply/AC (power_supply)
ACTION=change
DEVPATH=/devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/ACPI0003:00/power_supply/AC
SUBSYSTEM=power_supply
POWER_SUPPLY_NAME=AC
POWER_SUPPLY_ONLINE=1
SEQNUM=5912

UDEV  [140324.916156] change   /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/ACPI0003:00/power_supply/AC (power_supply)
ACTION=change
DEVPATH=/devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/ACPI0003:00/power_supply/AC
SUBSYSTEM=power_supply
POWER_SUPPLY_NAME=AC
POWER_SUPPLY_ONLINE=1
SEQNUM=5912
USEC_INITIALIZED=140324887055

KERNEL[140324.917955] change   /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0A:00/power_supply/BAT0 (power_supply)
ACTION=change
DEVPATH=/devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0A:00/power_supply/BAT0
SUBSYSTEM=power_supply
POWER_SUPPLY_NAME=BAT0
POWER_SUPPLY_STATUS=Unknown
POWER_SUPPLY_PRESENT=1
POWER_SUPPLY_TECHNOLOGY=Li-poly
POWER_SUPPLY_CYCLE_COUNT=0
POWER_SUPPLY_VOLTAGE_MIN_DESIGN=7600000
POWER_SUPPLY_VOLTAGE_NOW=8622000
POWER_SUPPLY_CHARGE_FULL_DESIGN=6842000
POWER_SUPPLY_CHARGE_FULL=6592000
POWER_SUPPLY_CHARGE_NOW=6526000
POWER_SUPPLY_CAPACITY=98
POWER_SUPPLY_CAPACITY_LEVEL=Normal
POWER_SUPPLY_MODEL_NAME=DELL G8VCF6C
POWER_SUPPLY_MANUFACTURER=SMP
POWER_SUPPLY_SERIAL_NUMBER=1549
SEQNUM=5913

UDEV  [140324.922916] change   /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0A:00/power_supply/BAT0 (power_supply)
ACTION=change
DEVPATH=/devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0A:00/power_supply/BAT0
SUBSYSTEM=power_supply
POWER_SUPPLY_NAME=BAT0
POWER_SUPPLY_STATUS=Unknown
POWER_SUPPLY_PRESENT=1
POWER_SUPPLY_TECHNOLOGY=Li-poly
POWER_SUPPLY_CYCLE_COUNT=0
POWER_SUPPLY_VOLTAGE_MIN_DESIGN=7600000
POWER_SUPPLY_VOLTAGE_NOW=8622000
POWER_SUPPLY_CHARGE_FULL_DESIGN=6842000
POWER_SUPPLY_CHARGE_FULL=6592000
POWER_SUPPLY_CHARGE_NOW=6526000
POWER_SUPPLY_CAPACITY=98
POWER_SUPPLY_CAPACITY_LEVEL=Normal
POWER_SUPPLY_MODEL_NAME=DELL G8VCF6C
POWER_SUPPLY_MANUFACTURER=SMP
POWER_SUPPLY_SERIAL_NUMBER=1549
SEQNUM=5913
USEC_INITIALIZED=140324922572

^C
15:24 ♒ ॐ   ☹ 😟=> 130  

A filtered list of changes is mentioned below. For the full log, please refer to the git repository.

Integrating Comments on Hugo with Isso

Oh! Boy. Finally been able to get something set up almost to my liking. After moving away from Drupal to Hugo, getting the commenting system in place was challenging. There were many solutions but I was adamant to what I wanted.

• Simple. Something very simple so that I can spend very limited time to tickle with (especially 2 years down the line)
• Independent. No Google/Facebook/3rd Party dependency
• Simple workflow. No Github/Gitlab/Staticman dependency
• Simple moderation workflow

Simplicity

First, the migration away from Drupal itself was a PITA. I let go of all the comments there. Knowing my limited web skills, it was the foremost requisite to have something simplest as possible.

User Mode Linux 5.2

User Mode Linux version 5.2 has been uploaded to Debian Unstable and will soon be available on the supported architectures. This upload took more time than usual as I ran into a build time failure caused by newer PCAP library.

Thanks to active upstream developers, this got sorted out quick. In the longer run, we may have a much better fix for it.

What is User Mode Linux a.k.a uml

It is one of the initial virtualization technologies that Linux provided, which still works and is supported/maintained. It is about running a Linux kernel as a single unprivileged user process.

BPF Compiler Collection 0.11.0

bpfcc version 0.11.0 has been uploaded to Debian Unstable and should be accessible in the repositories by now. After the 0.8.0 release, this has been the next one uploaded to Debian.

Multiple source respositories

This release brought in dependencies to another set of sources from the libbpf project. In the upstream repo, this is still a topic of discussion on how to release tools where one depends on another, in unison. Right now, libbpf is configured as a git submodule in the bcc repository. So anyone using the upstream git repoistory should be able to build it.

Experiences setting up a Lotus Pond Pot

A novice’s first time experience setting up a Lotus pond and germinating the Lotus seeds to a full plant

The trigger

Our neighbors have a very nice Lotus setup in the front of their garden, with flowers blooming in it. It is really a pleasing experience to see it. With lifestyles limiting to specifics, I’m glad to be around with like minded people. So we decided to set up a Lotus Pond Pot in our garden too.

Linux and ARM

With more ARM based devices in the market, and with them getting more powerful every day, it is more common to see more of ARM images for your favorite Linux distribution. Of them, Debian has become the default choice for individuals and companies to base their work on. It must have to do with Debian’s long history of trying to support many more architectures than the rest of the distributions. Debian also tends to have a much wider user/developer mindshare even though it does not have a direct backing from any of the big Linux distribution companies.

If I look back now, it must be more than 20 years since I got fascinated with GNU/Linux ecosystem and started using it.

Back then, it was more curiosity of a young teenager and the excitement to learn something. There’s one thing that I have always admired/respected about Free Software’s values, is: Access for everyone to learn. This is something I never forget and still try to do my bit.

TL;DR: Migrating my website from Drupal 7 to Hugo

Jump directly to the end titled Migration to Hugo

Initial website

Looking back at my website’s history, the domain was first registered sometime in 2003. Back then, it was mostly a couple of html pages. Being (and still) a novice in web, my website was mostly on ideas from others. IIRC, for the bare html one, I took a lot of look wise details from Miss Garrels’ website.

sg3-utils, version 1.44, was recently uploaded to Debian. This new upstream release has happened almost 2.5 years after the last release. One important feature to emphasize about is some support for NVMe disks, which are now getting more common on latest range of laptops.

rrs@priyasi:~$ sudo sg_inq /dev/nvme0
[sudo] password for rrs: 
Identify controller for /dev/nvme0:
  Model number: PC401 NVMe SK hynix 512GB               
  Serial number: ES82N092210402J4U   
  Firmware revision: 80003E00
  Version: 1.2
  Optional admin command support:
    Device self-test
    Firmware download and commit
    Format NVM
    Security send and receive
  Optional NVM command support:
    Save and Select fields non-zero
    Dataset management
    Write uncorrectable
    Compare
  PCI vendor ID VID/SSVID: 0x1c5c/0x1c5c
  IEEE OUI Identifier: 0xace42e
  Controller ID: 0x1
  Number of namespaces: 1
  Maximum data transfer size: 32 pages
  Namespace 1 (of 1):
    Namespace size/capacity: 1000215216/1000215216 blocks
    Namespace utilization: 765481168 blocks
    EUI-64: 0xace42e8170034999
    Number of LBA formats: 2
    Index LBA size: 0
    LBA format 0 support: <-- active
      Logical block size: 512 bytes
      Approximate namespace size: 512 GB
      Metadata size: 0 bytes
      Relative performance: Best [0x0]
    LBA format 1 support:
      Logical block size: 4096 bytes
      Approximate namespace size: 0 GB
      Metadata size: 0 bytes
      Relative performance: Best [0x0]

More details are available on the upstream page. Here’s the snippet for NVMe disks support.